Making reusable packaging the norm requires structural change, but there are still significant gaps in our knowledge. We know little about how packagers, retailers, cleaning companies and other stakeholders canadapt supply chains and business models to facilitate reuse. Insights into consumers’ needs and preferences for sustainable combinations of products and packaging remain fragmented. There is also little evidence on how reusable packaging performs in practice in terms of sustainability, shelf life, collection, cleaning and in-store presentation.